History and origin
Star sapphire is a gemstone that has a dense, opaque color and a special asterism (star) effect. That is, a six-pointed star is clearly visible on its surface, the rays of which form rutile inclusions. In other words, it is crystallized titanium oxide, having a needle shape. In cross-section, each of the crystals has the shape of a triangle.
Blue Star Stone
Due to the fact that the rutile needles are located at an angle relative to each other, a six-pointed star is formed. There are three intersecting axes in the stone.
In the Middle Ages in Russia, sapphire, along with rubies, was called yakhont . It’s not for nothing that the affectionate expression “my yacht” is known. At the same time, the sapphire was called the azure yakhont, and the ruby was called the scarlet yakhont.
In order for the optical effect on the surface of the stone and the color of the star sapphire to appear in all its glory, jewelry craftsmen prefer to give the gem a cabochon shape. On the one hand, this is a method of jewelry processing of a mineral, and on the other hand, this is a stone with a rounded convex shape. Due to its roundness, all the optical effects of the mineral are more pronounced in the rays of daylight and artificial light.
What is a star sapphire
Sapphire is a gemstone, a type of corundum, its color can range from pink to blue and black. Star sapphire is a stone that contains rutile impurities.
Rutile impurities look like needle-like inclusions, which when exposed to light become like stars. This optical effect is called asterism. Asterism is inherent not only to sapphire, but also to other stones (spinel, quartz, garnet).
Physicochemical characteristics
Star sapphire is endowed with certain physical and chemical properties, for which master jewelers love it. Weight, density, color and other parameters are taken into account.
Formula | Al2O3 |
Color | Various shades of blue, pink, yellow, green, lavender, gray, black |
Shine | Glass |
Transparency | Transparent to opaque |
Hardness | 9 |
Cleavage | Absent |
Kink | Rough to conchoidal |
Density | 3.95 - 4.00 g/cm³ |
Healing properties
Wearing a crystal will help in healing from various diseases. Over the centuries, the mineral has proven its medicinal properties, which are largely explained by its chemical composition. In case of eye diseases, they should be washed with water in which the stone has been left for several hours. Star sapphire will charge the water with energy and beneficial substances. Wearing it in the chest area, in the form of a pendant or brooch, can prevent heart disease and normalize blood pressure.
Contemplating the gem before bed will help get rid of insomnia and nightmares.
The stone has a beneficial effect on the activity of the brain and nervous system, and has a healing effect on the entire body.
- sapphire will help cope with memory impairment;
- in case of depression, neurosis or stress at work, a bracelet with a crystal will give a calming effect;
- will help heal diseases of the reproductive system;
- cleanses the blood;
- improves kidney function;
- relieve asthma attacks.
Varieties and colors
The specific shade of sapphire gemstones depends on the impurities of various metals in it. The following stones are found in nature:
- Blue star sapphire. The shade is obtained due to impurities of iron and titanium. This color of stone is considered classic and the most common. Moreover, a stone can be accurately called blue only if the level of other shades in it is no more than 15%. In other cases, sapphire is rarely fully blue. The color range often varies from almost white or pale blue to deep blue (almost black). The most expensive blue sapphire is considered to be the one that has a cornflower blue or heavenly color.. If a mineral contains a large number of iridescences of other shades, it is called fancy. It is sometimes difficult to find a good match for such a mineral.
Sky Blue Star Stone - Black. Black gemstones are more common in nature because they contain atomic impurities. The largest sapphire was black in color. Upon examination, the mineral has a dense color and a low level of transparency. The edges give reflections of light and shimmer. Jewelry with black stone is laconic and strict.
Gold ring with black star stone - Yellow. This shade of stone is given by an admixture of iron without the inclusion of titanium. Yellow sapphire can be compared in cost to expensive cornflower blue stones. The color of the mineral varies from almost transparent or pale yellow to rich amber. The yellow yacht is of particular importance in the cultures of Hindus and Eastern peoples. It is believed that if a yellow sapphire has even the slightest defect, it is prohibited to wear it.
Yellow gold ring with yellow star stone - Pink. A stone of this color predominates in the sapphire deposits of Sri Lanka and Madagascar. The color is affected by the chromium admixture in it. The hue of the yacht is soft and delicate. Sapphire is often compared to a diamond. However, the price of the stone is several times lower than that of a precious stone. That's why pink sapphire is so popular.
Pink star stone - Violet (aka lilac or lilac). The color and its intensity depend on the concentration of vanadium in the mineral.
Lilac Star Stone - Green. Upon closer inspection through a microscope, you can see that the shade of green sapphire comes from stripes of blue and yellow, superimposed on each other.
Green Star Stone - Colorless. A stone with high transparency. The shine is similar to that of a real diamond. Jewelers often use diamonds as the main stone and colorless sapphires as additional stones. Such a product will cost slightly less than jewelry encrusted only with diamonds.
White Star Stone - Padparadscha. One of the sapphire hybrids. Its shade is compared to a pink sunset or molten gold - the yellow, orange and pink-red shades shimmer in it in such an original way. Padparadscha means "delicate lotus flower" in Sinhala.
The unusually colored star stone Padparadscha
Padparadscha is the least likely to have natural defects. You can appreciate the depth of sapphire color in calm morning or evening sunlight.
Colors and famous stone specimens
Mineral colors:
- black star sapphires;
- purple (due to the presence of vanadium in the composition);
- blue (the most common specimens, got their color due to the presence of iron impurities in the composition);
- blue;
- white;
- padparaja - minerals with iridescent yellow, pink, red colors;
- green (the rarest specimens), the star is mostly six-pointed and has a white or golden hue.
The most famous star sapphires:
- “Star of Adam” - a mineral discovered in Sri Lanka, its weight is 1404 carats, the price is 90 million euros. This is a blue stone, on the surface of which a white six-pointed star is clearly visible.
- "Lone Star" - a gem discovered by Harold Ropper in 1989 in North Carolina. It is a blue-blue stone weighing 9,719.5 carats with a six-pointed star that stands out brightly.
- "Black Star of Queensland" - this gem was found in 1938 in Australia by 12-year-old teenager Roy Spencer. This is a dark brown stone, weighing 733 carats, worth $88 million. After Roy Spencer brought the gem home, it was used for a long time as a door support. And only 10 years later (after the discovery of black sapphires) the stone was taken for examination. Then its real value was discovered.
- “Star of India” is a bright blue gem weighing 563.35 carats with a thin long six-pointed star on the surface. Found in Sri Lanka.
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Place of extraction
Jewelry with star sapphires has different prices. And it depends not only on the type of metal in which the yacht is framed, but also on the deposit of the gem. Placers of sapphires are found in the following places:
- Sri Lanka;
- USA;
- Vietnam;
- Madagascar;
- Australia;
- Thailand;
- China;
- Burma.
In Russia, sapphire is found only together with blue corundum. Transparent yachts are found in it. There are corundum deposits on the Kola Peninsula and in the Urals.
Raw Blue Star Yakhont
Important: the price per carat of star sapphire depends on its deposit. The most expensive stones are those from Burma and Sri Lanka. However, you can also buy less “famous” yachts that have a lower cost but decent quality.
Brief description of black sapphire
Black sapphire is a rare gemstone.
The color of corundum depends on inclusions - iron oxide, titanium and rutile. Each chemical compound gives its own color. When iron oxide predominates in the chemical composition, in the light the mineral becomes dark green or brown, and in the sun it becomes dark blue, with a purple tint, almost black.
A characteristic feature of the gemstone is the optical effect of asterism. It is achieved through inclusions of rutile (a type of quartz). In bright light, the crystals refract light rays, forming stars. The more rays, the more expensive the cabochon.
Magic properties
The magical properties of star sapphire have always aroused genuine interest among scientists and gemologists, magicians and astrologers. It is believed that the gem contains the magic of the cosmos. Some even claimed that the six-pointed star on the sapphire was nothing more than a hexagram. Therefore, the star yacht is given special magical significance. It manifests itself in the following:
- Strengthening memory and passion for new knowledge. The gem is especially suitable for students and teachers.
- Achieving goals and overall personal development. As a male amulet with this effect, you need to wear the stone on your left hand.
- Extinguishing passions and bringing emotions into a calm channel.
- Harmonization of relations.
- Neutralizing laziness and revealing some persistence.
- In addition, the star stone determines true friends, or rather, over time, weeds out the insincere clingers that have wormed their way around.
In ancient times in Africa, it was believed that the rays of crystals in stone are symbols of Faith, Hope and Love intersecting. That is, a star sapphire brings only the best to the owner’s life.
Medicinal properties
What diseases does it help with?
Traditional healers use star sapphires to treat diseases. But official medicine does not support this practice. Therefore, be sure to consult your doctor .
Healers advise placing a stone with a star on your eyes to relieve stress from working for a long time at the computer or reading.
Sapphire is said to get rid of rashes and acne on the face. The mineral is left in water overnight, and in the morning washed with the settled liquid.
Also, healing water reduces discomfort in the eyes due to stye.
A pebble is placed under the pillow for problems with sleep and constant stress. At night, a person will sleep well and rest. His nightmares will go away, and his psyche will become more stable.
Lithotherapists say that the mineral helps with diseases of the cardiovascular system and reduces blood pressure. It will not get rid of pathologies, but will reduce discomfort. Healers advise wearing a pebble near your heart.
The stone also copes with headaches and toothaches, reduces discomfort in diseases of the spine and normalizes the activity of the reproductive organs.
be careful
Do not overuse star sapphire. Lithotherapists claim that constant use of the stone reduces its healing properties.
To restore energy after a course of treatment, place the pebble in salt water overnight or bury it in damp soil for a day.
Magicians also advise leaving the mineral on a windowsill under moonlight.
Who is suitable according to their zodiac sign?
The gemstone is suitable for almost all zodiac signs, but to a greater or lesser extent. The meaning for the signs is almost neutral, so each of the representatives of the astrological circle can safely wear a star yacht.
Zodiac sign | Compatibility |
Aries | + |
Taurus | + |
Twins | + |
Cancer | + |
a lion | + |
Virgo | + |
Scales | + |
Scorpion | + |
Sagittarius | +++ |
Capricorn | — |
Aquarius | +++ |
Fish | + |
(“+++” – fits perfectly, “+” – can be worn, “-” – is strictly contraindicated)
Historical facts
Dark sapphires were prized in Ancient Egypt and the Kingdom of David. The stones were given mystical significance and were only allowed to be worn by rich people. According to one legend, the index finger of King Solomon’s right hand was decorated with a ring with opaque coal corundum with 3 six-pointed stars.
In Rus', sapphires of all colors were called yakhonty. They were used unprocessed to decorate icon frames, and were not specially mined. But then the jewels turned out to be undeservedly forgotten.
The revival of unique minerals happened by accident. Near ore deposits in Queensland (in Australia), residents often found heavy dark stones resembling cobblestones. The nuggets did not crumble, did not delaminate, had high strength, and therefore were convenient for everyday use - for example, as a pressure. But then diggers became interested in the minerals, and their true value was established.
Dark sapphires could only be worn by rich people.
The most expensive stone turned out to be the one that for 10 years propped up the door in the family of Harry Spencer, one of the residents of the state. In the 1930s his ten-year-old son gave him a heavy cobblestone. When the residents had already learned the true price of the nuggets, the owner of the block showed the chance find to the jeweler G. Kazanjan.
After processing, the weight of the cabochon was estimated at 733 carats. The crystal was named “Black Star” due to an unusual effect - the rays of stars appearing on the surface in bright light turned out to be of different lengths. In addition, they expanded at the ends.
The precious stone was set in a gold frame, and the shine was enhanced with several diamonds. Now this jewelry is valued at $90 million.
Compatibility with other stones
If a natural sapphire is an amulet or a favorite everyday decoration that you don’t want to take off, then you can organically combine the gem with the following stones:
Silver long earrings with blue star yakhont and topaz
- diamond;
- aventurine;
- amethyst;
- aquamarine;
- turquoise;
- rock crystal;
- Moonstone;
- jasper;
- chrysoprase;
- ruby;
- pomegranate.
It is important that the shade of the leading sapphire matches the secondary stone. It is highly undesirable to combine the gem with sardonyx, agate and jade.
Where is it used?
Star stones are used only for caboching. That is, they give the gem a round, convex and smooth shape. Jewelers themselves call it a high domed stone. Moreover, the master often violates the geometry of the proportions of the yacht in order to preserve the beauty of the six-pointed star in its depths.
Depending on the size of the gem, it is used as an insert in rings and especially large rings, earrings, and pendants. The higher the cost of the precious metal and the larger the size of the mineral, the higher the cost of the product. Cool shades of sapphire look ideal in silver and platinum, while warm shades of the stone are ideally combined with gold. Both men and women should wear jewelry with it. But it is worth remembering that these are often large products.
Stylish silver set with a purple star yacht
In addition to jewelry, the gem is usually used for inlaying mirror frames, boxes and other personal and interior items.
Characteristics of the stone
Star Sapphire is a corundum. The crystals have a regular structure and look like hexagonal elongated barrels. The gemstone has the highest form of syngony - trigonal. In order for corundum to begin to form, the surrounding composition requires an excess alumina content with a low volume of silica. Melting point 2050 ˚С.
Physical properties
The starting material of this mineral is aluminum oxide and atomic impurities of titanium and iron, but when they are in excess, clusters of crystals with a needle-like structure are formed, called titanium dioxide, i.e. mineral rutile.
When processed as a cabochon with a high dome, an asterism effect appears on the convex surface of the stone. This light falling on corundum forms iridescence in the shape of a star with six rays. Gems with twelve rays are extremely rare.
This effect occurs due to the fact that the cabochon consists of intergrowths of two crystals. The density of the gem is 4.0 g/cm3, it is not brittle and has a glassy luster, and its hardness on the Mohs scale is 9 units. The geothermal conditions in which Star Sapphire is produced directly influence its clarity rating, which ranges from pure colorless to opaque black.
The refractive index is about 1.766-1.774, the mineral is uniaxial and birefringent. No layering is observed.
Place of Birth
The main suppliers are Thailand, Burma and Australia, and in other deposits Star Sapphire is extremely rare. In placers it is in the form of large nuggets, and their appearance resembles an ordinary cobblestone. Mining is done by hand; pieces of rock, crushed with a shovel, are placed in wicker baskets, raised to the surface and washed in the river.
How to spot a fake
When purchasing, it is important to distinguish a synthetic gem from a genuine one. And although they have not yet learned how to artificially grow a stone with a star pattern, experienced scammers in street stalls manage to pass off a fake plastic stone as a sapphire with an optical pattern. The main distinguishing features of a genuine yacht are:
- Hardness. Even if the surface of a real stone is scratched with metal, it will remain smooth.
- Density. Real stone has a higher density than water. Therefore, when immersed in water, it immediately falls to the bottom. The fake will stick to the surface.
- The presence of inclusions in the cavity of the gem. They can be seen with a magnifying glass.
It is unlikely that you will be allowed to do all the manipulations with the stone in the store. Therefore, to assess its authenticity, it is better to use the services of a professional jeweler.
How to recognize a fake
The popularity of sapphire today forces jewelers to create skillful fakes that look like the original and, due to the difficulties of production, are often more expensive than a natural stone. But there is no elemental power in them, and they do not bring any benefit.
There are several ways to distinguish the original from the fake:
- Run a sharp metal object across the surface of the gem. This will not harm the natural one, but a scratch will remain on the fake.
- Throw a stone into the water. The natural one will sink to the bottom, and the fake one will remain on the surface or in the middle layer of liquid.
- Using a magnifying glass, zoom in and examine the sapphire inclusions. However, this method is unreliable, since experienced jewelers are able to create a masterpiece by introducing “titanium” inside an artificial product or achieving the result through an ideal cut.
If there is no way to verify the authenticity of the crystal, after the purchase you should contact a gem appraiser.
Favorable time to buy
It is better to buy a precious yacht in the first phase of the Moon. During this period, the mineral has less (increasing) energy, and therefore will enter into a relationship with a new host. That is, it will be saturated with the energy of the new owner. Favorable numbers for buying sapphire are from the 8th to the 22nd.
When purchasing a stone separately, it is not recommended to place it on your palm. They look at the gems only by holding them in their fingers. And remember, “your” stone will wear perfectly. Energetically, it is not your gem that will constantly interfere, strain, subside or crush.
Healing properties of the stone
Every natural mineral, in addition to magical ones, also has healing properties. Lithotherapists are confident that stones are capable of absorbing negative energy vibrations of various pathologies, thereby giving their owners health and excellent well-being. Of course, not all people believe in this, but there are many who prefer stone therapy instead of traditional medications.
As for black sapphire, people since ancient times have noticed its healing properties, manifested in the following:
- the stone reduces high blood pressure (eliminates hypertension);
- normalizes the process of falling asleep;
- successfully copes with frequently recurring colds;
- treats disorders of the musculoskeletal system, back;
- will be an indispensable find for asthmatics;
- cope with various bronchopulmonary pathologies and nervous system disorders;
- eliminates eye diseases;
- It is believed that black sapphire will help even in the presence of oncological processes.
But there is one important point here - only those people who have pure thoughts and a noble soul can be healed with the help of a gem. Therefore, if you are choosing jewelry with the described mineral for another person, you should first make sure that the latter will use the magic of sapphire exclusively for his own benefit, and not to harm anyone.
In conclusion, it is worth watching an educational video about black sapphire: